Firearm.



P. D. BLY. mmm.

APPLICATION PILBD'MAY 8, 1907. y Y

lPatented Jan. f5, 1909. 2 sums-femm 1.

llll/lIlll/l/ wml-0 ATTORNEYS shownthe same 1. applied toa well-known Beit knomithat 1, FRANK D. Eug a eit i.v it .o'magazine e, this being adopted-forv z'en'of theilUlited States, andfa" resident: Ci *1 "."finenienee .Oflillustrationpnlyasit will Plainfield', intlie `ounty of 'Union 4ai idg-State"-- be Iapparent as the description proceeds that of New J erseygghave invented anew and the/improvement is equally appiicable too Eoved Firearm, of which the fol'ljowingisi. A ire-arms yofietheii" Constructions. lThel rifle..

` To'all whom :conce-mr 11,'clear, and exact rieseriptfion'.`yA f shown comiprisestlle usual lillg-Pnl hav? This -invelzitio'n s'an-improvement `in'fire-4 ing a-shou der l formed on its under-face arms, designed 'to prevent;the-dining4 of the which islenga ed by a sear 17 .when the riiie i '10 rilieor other like weaponlshouldit at the ini' is cocked; e'sear 17 4is located the 65- 1 "stant' of atter'ited discharge', be held at anl flok-chamberjandf earries a trigger 18 'which .anglej'materi y different from that preypasses 'to the outside .of the'chamber andis v iously determined upon as thedesiredangle Ordinarily surrounded by the 4guard as f ofthe piece ondisc'harge. shown.- The rear or extended-end the v The invention is of particuia'r value in waisear 17in that forml of my inventionnillus- 70 fare since the practiceof troopsring'in battrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, is eontle is to fire 't'oo'hi h; viz.,-well over the structed with a curved under face 19 with a v enemy, thus decreaslng the eiciencyi vof' the .recess 20, preferably of dovettail'shage, Ile-5' fire and increasing the diiliculty'ofsupplying cated-at a point intermediate its lengt 2'0 ammunition tothe firing line. Secured toone of -"the lock ip llztes of the' 75 Referenceisto behad to the accom anying rifle or otherwise affixed wit the' lock y drawingisforming apart of thiss ee' cation,I chamber,v is a slotted arc `21 which vreceives in .whic similar .characters 4of re erence`indi f the squared innerend 'of a support-'mg mi2-2. catev corresponding parts in all thegures. The'oppo'site end of said pin projects t rough 'Figure 1'.-is a central, vertical' section snare-shaped' "slot 23 formed in the side' of l8o through Athe vintermediate Aportion of ta riiie Ilkhe'pieice in aiinenient with and of the'same with one embodiment of myimpiovemetlf curilgure'wasethe slot thagarc 21 Q and isapplied thereto; Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side )rovided -witha threadedfextimity and an view ofthe rifle shown in Fig. 1 illustratingA adjacent squared portion which respectively the means for `changing the angle at which receive a'thu-mb-nut 24vand a pointer 25, the S the piecemayc befdischatged Fig; Sis a sec- 'latter traversing a graduated scale 26 formed y tionen the line 3`3 of ig; 1 looking inthe at one side ofthe 'slot 23; when the pin is slid direction of theiarrw; Fig'. 4'is an enlarged' back .and forthin tle are. detail view tobetter illustrate the natureof As best shown in'Fig'. 4, a portion of the 35. the invention; Fig. 5 is aview to Fig v pin? 22 intermediate the locking plate is con- 90 4 showinga'modiiied'formof the invention; struoted -with a knifefedge or other shaped' Fig. 6 illustrates'another' formofthe inven. bearing 27 said bea ring being arranged tion; Fig. 7 is a face view. 'of the Imeans forradially with'respetjto the are21 and supadjusting the relativeposition of thatforrn porting a pendulum 28jwhiehfisfiweighted at -io bf the improvement in Fig. 6; `Fi 8f its lower end and 'isf'provide'd a lug .or 95 is a fragmentary view shnvvfing a'still'furier 4 other projection 29 at vitsopposite and upper f .modified form'of the invention; 9 is a extremity, designed;toenterV the'recess '20., face view ofthe adjusting means for the form "on the dischar e of rifle. The pendulum' v ofjnventionshowninig. 8;.'Fig.` 1.0 is a side 28' isf prefera'- ly provided.. with 'adjusting view of a rifle'with'inysinvention applied screws'O threade therein at each side of 100s theretofillustratingthe antion of the samein the 'pin 22', tolimit its 'oscillations 'It iis full lines when the piede' is elevated at an observed that thev distance betweenfthe angle above the lineof .effective re and in upper'end of the projection 29 and the endotted Outline 'when the piece fallswithin this trance .to the recess-20 is slightly less than angle, nd .11"llustrates thel eeetive the length ofthe shoulder- 1 6 vvengaged bythe 1951,-- i

angle o fire and the wasted'anle", the latter searf17, when the piece'is cocked.' The en- 'being included between the' e ective angle trance of the pro'ection 29 inte the recess '20 .jm and the applfiximate limit of high fire. takes 'placeat t -e instant prior to that in e In ..il1ustrating' 'the nature, construetron which the sear is'disengaged trom thebolt."

ad operationo my improvements, I have Atthe instant'of discharge the ride the 110 4 pendulum ot l 29 of the cess 20.

' lum being as thatil ustrated in Fig. 4. -V In t 5 will always occupy a vertical position due to the force of ravity, and every point o f the er than the point ot sus ension will constantly change its position re ativelT to the arc as the riiie is moved in azimut i either above or below a horizontal lane. Y If the muzzle of the iece is elevate the projection 29 moves orward under the curved under face of the sear; or if the muzzle of the iece is depressed, the movement of the pro- ]ection 29 1s obviously in the dpposite direction.

If it be desired tore at any fixed angle of elevation, it is plain that by movingT point of sus enslon of the pendulum the arc, by s ifting Vthe sup orting pin 22, a point will be found at Whic the projection pendulum will register with the ret is/likewise apparent that should the angle of elevation or depression of the rifle at the instant of attempted discharge be in ever so slight a degree greater or less than the fixed a le referred to, the top of the pendulum have moved respectively forward or rearward, carrying with it the projection 29 out of alinement with the recess 20 and preventing the discharge of the piece until the trigger is iirst released and the elevation of the rille corrected.

The .zero of the graduated. scale 26 as shown in Fig. 2 is so positioned, that when .the pointer 25 registers therewith the projection 29 arid the recess 20 are in alinement when the barrel of the piece is horizontally disposedf Should it be desired to fire the,

piece 1n an elevated or depressed position, the pointer is slipped along the scale, carrywith it the supporting pin and the pen-.

`du um, until the graduation indicating the reached. he piece ma then be ischarged when it is brought tot e angle determined upon.

ferent form of my invention in which the ex.

tended rear end of the sear 17 is constructed with a at under* face and rovidedl with teeth 31 which are adapted to en aged by the knife-edge extremity of a pendu um 28, the mount' and construction of the penduot erwise substantialluthe same ferm of desired degtree ofelevation or de ression 1s` 45 my invention the pendulum intercepts the sear only when the muzzle ofthe piece is elevated above the angle intended, the firing -being `possible when the riiie is directed either at or below this angle; in either case y the topof the pendulum 28 swings to the rear and out of the path of the toothed pol'- tion of the sear.

Fig. shows a further modiiied form of thc invention in which a endulum 28b is pivot- .ally suspended by a k 32 from the lock plate or other fixed point within the lock chamber, the construction of the nndulum being substantially the same as t e endulum 28a shown in Fig. 5. The scar 17b in this form of the invention as shown in dotted outline, is provided with teeth arranged on an arc on the under face of its rear ex- '"tien1ity, which are designed to be engaged by the pendulum in the same mamier as in 'the construction shown in Fig. 5 should the muzzle of the piece be elevated above the intended angle, this angle being varied by the pointer 25h traversing the scale at the outside ofthe lock late.

In Fig. 8 1s illustrated a still further modification of the invention,in which the sear 17 is provided at its rear extremity with a pendulum 28' which is pivotally suspendedl therefrom and is adapted'to engage with a member 33 slidably carried by the are 21", the member havin an intermediate recess Vor opening 34 whic is .designed to serve in the same capacityas the recess 20 in the scar 17 of Fie. 4 and prevent the discharge ofthe piece only when 1t is directed at the angle indicated by the pointer 25c located at the outside of the lock plate, as shown in Fig. 9.

The invention is more especially designed to 4be vused in warfare, Ain which case ordinarily the ca tain-will observe the enemy through his c mometer and read the angle of elevatlon or de ression;A To the angle so de.-

termined he a ds or subtracts the angle of sight and announces the result to his 4command. The soldier, by turning the thumbnut 24 on the outside of the lock plate can set and lock the pointer at the rop'er figure on the soale which will carry t 1e pendu um to the required relative position to point of liring the piece at the angle just determined. With the pendulum secured in this position, by tightening thetlmmb-nut 24, the entire fire of the rifle when discharged by the soldier, will -pass within theel'ective. angle included between the lines 34 and 35 shown in Fig. 111, andwill therefore intersect the enemy andwill `not pass in the angle in eluded between the lines 34 and 36, which is the wasted angle, the line 36 indicating the present a roximate limit of high Aire.

While lhave shown several different com struetions embod ing my invention and earrying the princip 'es of the same into el'cct practically, it is, nevertheless, apparent that .35. the ii'ingpin, exceptwhen the firearm is disy the construction maybe yotherwise considerably modiiied Within the scopeof ythe.

Patent:

l 1. In a firearm, a firing pin, sear'adapted to eligagewith the iringpiu, a pendulum for preventing the release of` they searexcept Y .in

' sitlon ,at Whichthe arm 'may be .discharged when; theirearm is disposed ina predeter mined angular position," and v'means for shift# `said pendulum whereby' said angular po- 'maybe' varied.

l gularv position at whichsaid arm must'be di's- 2. In a irear ",a pin, asearadapted y-to'engagetherewith, a.pendulum.suspended` 'f under the sea'rfand operati release of thesear fromthdiigi When thel rearm is disposed in a'ag'predeterifand a pointer 'adaptring pin except mined angular position ed to traversea scale. for. indicatingthe anlposed to ladmit/lof the release ofthe searfrom its point of suspension for'engaging with the scar and preventing the release thereof from the ring pin exceptv when the -rearm is disposed in a redeternliined-y angular position. n

carin,- a firing pin, a sear adapted to engage -wit l`1 said, pin, means movably mounted under` thesearafo'r engaging therewith to prevent. the 'release of thesear from posed in a predetermined an ular' position,

' and means for varying the ang e at which the in may be released. A s

firing 1P '5. n a firearm, a pendulum unimpeded in its movementrelatively tothe arm within certain limits and having means co erating therewith for automatically `contro ing the f vertical angle yof fires.

4 6. In a irearm, a pendulum unimpeded in 4gular ositinn' f to' prevent the copil'atin'g therewit its movement relatively to the arm within' .certain limits and having means coperating therewith for preventing the firing of the arm excepty when itfis disposed -at `a predetermined vangle with respect to the' vertical;

7. In'airearm, afiring pin, a ear adapted, to engage with said pin, and a freely suspended under the sear an ada ted to engage: therewith and prevent/,the re ease fof the Sear from the iringpin, except when the irearm'is disposed in a predetermined anp n arearm, aiiring'pin, to engage with'said pin, a pendulum sus-` ended-at a oin't intermediatev its length aving awei ted lower end and adapted to engage direct y Withthe`searandlprevent the releasethereof from the iring'pin, except- -when theirear'm is disposed in a predetermined angular position. y

' 9. In avrearm havinga lock chamber, a

l-n'ing pin,- a sear located within `the chamber 'adapted tol engage with said pin,'qand` a pen- 4. l lduium `within the'vchamber located under the f 3. In a rearm, airing pin, a searadapted toengage Awith said pin, and pivotedv means having lts center otv gravity normally below sear for en aging directly therewithto `prevent the re ease of the sear fromv the iiring pin, exceptwhen the iirearm is disposed at a l predetermined angle respect to thel v ertical.

10. In a firearm, a plendulum havin means for automatica ly control g thel vertical angle of fire, and provided with a laterally movable axis.

11. In a firearm, a pivoted member having means co erating therewithfor controllin the vertica angle of iire, and means carried by said member o erating in connection with itsv ivot to limit it in its oscillations.

' n testimony whereof I have signed my y-name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. 1 y FRANK D, ELY.- Witnesses: t

W. W. HoL'r,

' JOHN P. DAVIS.

aV secar adapted i Y sfo 

